Content of mineral elements in the diet of students of Physical education faculty
AbstractResearch of the diet of students of the Faculty of Physical Education found discrepancy of caloric content and correlation of macro- and micronutrients to physiological norms accompanied by a deficiency of some mineral elements. Thus, this research found discrepancy of a diet in caloric content and correlation of macro- and micronutrients to physiological norms. Calorie deficiency in both groups is caused for lack of all macro- and micronutrients, but mostly for lack of carbohydrates with an average glycemic index, fruit, and vegetables that have
prebiotic properties and mineral-rich elements. Deficiency in the diet of young men 9,6% of the total protein and 23,5% of carbohydrates was accompanied for lack 15,5% of calcium. In the group of girls the results showed a decrease of the required amounts of calcium, magnesium and iron of 36,4; 7,5 and 1,5% respectively, which was displayed against a background of reducing the consumption of the total protein 25,1 and 36,0% of carbohydrates. As a result, basic nutrition of students practicing sports requires rationalization and adjustment. To improve the biological value of the diet it is advisable for students to use daily dairy products and other sources of animal protein in their diets. It is also necessary to introduce fruit and vegetables as a source of dietary fibers and mineral elements. Created in both groups deficiency of calcium and biologically high-grade proteins of animal origin can be eliminated by various dairy products in which calcium and phosphorus are in easily digestible form and in a balanced quantity. Despite the considerable amount of calcium in many foods (meat, bread, cereals, vegetables) calcium is assimilated with difficulty from these products. The exception is the calcium of milk, curd, cheese and other dairy products. The ration between calcium and phosphorus in milk is 1:1–1,4:1. For example, taking 0,5 liters of milk provides 600 mg of assimilable calcium intake.
Keywords:sports nutrition, diets, nutrients, mineral elements