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5 . 2014

Determination of deuterium concentration in foods and influence of water with modified isotopic composition on oxidation parameters and heavy hydrogen isotopes content in experimental animals

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of the deuterium (D) content in food products, as well as the influence of deuterium depleted water (DDW) on the concentration of heavy hydrogen isotopes in the blood and lyophilized tissues of rats. The most significant difference in the content of D was found between potato and pork fat, which indexes the standard delta notation (δ) D in promille, related to the international standard SMOW (Standard Mean Ocean of Water) amounted to -83,2‰ and -250,7‰, respectively (p<0,05). Among the investigated samples of water deuterium concentration ranged from -75,5‰ (Narzan) to +72,1‰ (Kubai), that indicates the ability of some food products to increase the concentration of heavy hydrogen atoms in the body. The data obtained in the experimental modeling of the diet of male Wistar rats in the age of 5–6 mo (weight 235 Ѓ} 16 g) using DDW (δD = -743,2 ‰) instead of drinking water (δD = -37,0 ‰) with identical mineral composition showed that after 2 weeks significant (p <0,05) formation of isotopic (deuterium-protium, D/H) gradient in the body is possible. Changing the direction of isotopic D/H gradient in laboratory animals in comparison with its physiological indicators (72–127‰, ≪plasma>>tissue≫) is due to different rates of isotopic exchange reactions in plasma and tissues (liver, kidney, heart), which can be explained by entering into the composition of a modified diet of organic substrates with more than DDW concentration D, which are involved in the construction of cellular structures and eventually lead to a redistribution of D and change direction of D/H gradient ≪plasma<<tissue≫ from 87,29‰ (plasma–kidney) to 188,72‰ (plasma–heart), which can be explained by a change in the adaptation of the body. This use of nutrients with modified isotopic composition, aimed at reducing the level of heavy non-radioactive atoms will allow the targeted nutritional correction of prooxidant-antioxidant status of the population in areas with adverse environmental conditions, stimulating by created isotopic D/H gradient cytoprotective mechanisms influencing the various components of nonspecific protection, including free radical oxidation processes. And then again, periodic assessment of the isotopic composition of nutrients will monitor the quality of food consumed by the population, and if necessary, to the definition of the geographical location of their origin.

Keywords:deuterium, food products, deuterium depleted water, chemiluminescence, lyophilized tissue, rats

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Viktor A. Tutelyan
Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Director of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety (Moscow, Russia)

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