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4 . 2015

Nutrition and biological value of food parts of a trade bivalve mollusk Anadara broughtoni

Abstract

Currently, the human diet includes different new products of sea fishing, including non-fish – bivalves and gastropods, holothurias, echinoderms, jellyfishes that demands careful studying of their chemical composition. The purpose of the study was to determine the nutritional and biological value of all soft parts of the burrowing bivalve MOLLUSK Anadara broughtoni from the Far East region. It was established that food parts of a bivalve were significantly flooded (water content – 73.5–84.2%), with the minimum water content in the adductor and maximum in the mantle. Dry solids are presented by organic (89–93%) and mineral (7–11%) components. Organic components consist of protein (14.6–20.7%), lipids (1.8–2.3%), carbohydrates (2.1–2.6%). The analysis of amino-acid composition of proteins of food parts of the mollusk of Anadara broughtoni showed the presence of all essential amino acids with slight differences in their content depending on the localization of the protein. All edible parts have tryptophan as the limiting amino acid. Muscle proteins have maximum level of lysine, methionine, cysteine, phenylalanine and tyrosine; mantle proteins – leucine, isoleucine and threonine; adductor proteins – valine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, methionine and cysteine. Predominant nonessential amino acids for proteins of all food pieces are glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine. The coefficient of amino-acid score differences of adductor protein (31.7%) is less than the same of cloak by 3.7%. The indicator «biological value» is maximal for adductor (68.3%), but the difference for muscle is only 0.83%. Mantle proteins are characterized by minimum biological value (64.6%). The coefficient of utility of amino acid composition of protein is maximal for muscle (57.83%), and values for a cloak and an adductor differ slightly (55.81 and 55.96%). Taurine content in food parts of a mollusk Anadara broughtoni is rather high compared to with other bivalve mollusks of the Far East region. Muscle tissue has maximal content of taurine (569.3±28.2 mg/100 g wet tissue), adductor occupies an intermediate position (387.9±18.2 mg/100 g wet tissue) and the minimum content of this amino acid is characteristic for mantle (297.1±13.4 mg/100 g wet tissue).

Keywords:bivalve Anadara broughtoni, nutritive value, amino acid composition, amino-acid score, biological value, taurine

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Viktor A. Tutelyan
Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Director of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety (Moscow, Russia)

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