Content
3 . 2011
Reviews

Bioavailability and metabolism of flavonoids

Abstract
In the review the modern data about bioavailability and a metabolism of flavonoids is considered. The data about absorption flavonoids in a digestive path, participation of microorganisms in their hydrolysis, pharmacokinetic the data on the basic classes flavonoids: flavanes (flavan-3-ols), anthocyanes, flavones, flavonols and flavanones is cited.

The study of polymorphism rs9939609 FTO gene in patients with overweight and obesity

Abstract
In 94 persons living in the Moscow region, with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 were identified on the polymorphism rs9939609 FTO gene. The results showed that 83% of them were carriers of the mutant allele, and 43% – contained the mutant allele in the homozygous state. Carriers of the mutant allele rs9939609 FTO gene were distinguished by higher absolute and relative values of fat mass and triglycerides in serum.

Modern presentation of role of nutrition and genetic factors in the development of metabolic syndrome

Abstract

The role of dietary and hereditary factors in the development of metabolic syndrome is discussed in this review.

Hygiene of nutrition

Bioavailability of nanoparticles of ferric oxide when used in nutrition. Experimental results in rats

Abstract
Bioavailability of iron (Fe) introduced in the form of nanoparticles of ferric oxide and ferric sulphate was characterized in rats receiving Fe-deficient semi synthetic diet. Shown that nanoparticles of ferric oxide as well as the traditional form of this trace element (soluble salt of Fe) can restore the status of this trace element disturbances due to its scarcity in the diet.

The influence assessment of probiotic fermented milk products on intestinal microflora, hematological indices and cellular immunity in rats (report 1)

Abstract
Influence of probiotic fermented milk products on the intestinal flora, hematological parameters and immune status of the experiment in vivo at rats is studied. Entering in digestive tract of probiotic strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus NK-1 and Bifidobacterium bifidum 791 at the level of hundreds of millions CFU in a day (from 1,7Ч108 to 9Ч108 CFU) in composition fermented milk products renders on the whole positive, but not significant statistically influence on the indexes of colon microflora and immune status of rats, and it must be extended for the achievement of reliable effect.

Influence of Lactobacillus strains used in the production of dairy products on the agents of food poisoning

Abstract
Study of antagonistic activity of 33 strains of Lactobacillus isolated from the industrial preparation of fermented milk products, starter cultures and biologically active additives and products of natural fermentation. Antagonistic activity was studied by agar diffusion method with holes. Strains isolated from products of natural fermentation showed high degree of antagonistic action together with industrial strains.

Nutritional value of sesame seeds

Abstract
Literature data on the nutritional value of sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.), their use in feeding the world population and food production are presented. Sesame seeds contain up to 55% oil and 20% protein. Sesame proteins are limited by lysine but rich in tryptophan and methionine. Sesame oil is rich in linoleic and oleic acids, the predominance of γ-tocopherol over the other isomers of vitamin E and high content of fat-soluble lignans (sesamin and sesamolin). Thanks to recent sesame oil has a phytoestrogen activity; it has a cholesterol-lowering effect.
Diet treatment

Effectiveness of cultured milk foods, enriched by bifidus bacteria and Lactobacillus rhamnosis GG (ATCC 53103, LGG®) in patients with slackening of motility function of intestines

Abstract
In patients who consumed yogurt and kefir, enriched by bifidus bacteria and Lactobacillus rhamnosis GG, improvement of large intestine motor function was found.
Anthropometry in internal medicine and nutritional management

Actual vitamin and main foodstuffs consumption by recovered patients suffered from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Abstract
Actual consumption of vitamins A, E, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, thiamin, pyridoxine and main foodstuffs by recovered patients suffered from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been given. Frequency analysis of foodstuffs consumption was used to study actual nourishment of recovered patients. Surplus consumption of fat mainly due to the use of saturated fatty acids, deficiency of poly unsaturated fatty acids, surplus sugar consumption and predominance of proteins of animal origin over proteins of vegetable origin in ration has been revealed. Deficiency of water soluble vitamins equals to 41,6–78,7% of all examined patients, deficiency of fat water soluble vitamins is lower (21,4–38,3%).
Diet treatment

Insulin resistance and carbohydrate metabolism indexes in women of reproductive age depending on the type of their breast-feeding in infancy

Abstract
Determine what in women in early age exceptionally on artificial nutrition risk beginning insulin resistance and breach carbohydrate metabolism more high than in women receive in pectoral age naturally nutrition. This relation especially distinctly reveals in women with obesity.

Сlinical effects of application of taurines in patients with metabolic syndrome

Abstract
Study on the influence of taurines (Dibicor) on metabolic indicators in patients with of metabolic syndrome showed improvement in carbohydrate metabolism and lipid profile in patients with type 2 pancreatic diabetes.
Methods for assessing the quality and safety of food and food additives

Contemporary methods of daily energy expenditure measurement in the system of the nutritional status estimation

Abstract
Daily energy expenditure measurement have great significance in such fields of research as nutrition, medicine, sport, physical activity, way of life, etc. Article is dedicated to the survey of the principal methods of the energy expenditure measurement: direct calorimetry, the double labeled water method, indirect calorimetry, heart rate monitoring, and accelerometry. For evaluating the daily energy expenditure most informative is the combination of indirect calorimetry, heart rate monitoring and accelerometry.

Methods quantitative for determination of water-soluble vitamins in premixes and fortified food products by micellar electrokinetic chromatography on short end of the capillary

Abstract
It was purposed new technique by micellar electrokinetic chromatography on short end of the capillary (capillary electrophoresis system Agilent 3D CE, DAD, quartz capillary HPCE stndrd cap 56 cm, 50 μm, 50 mM borate buffer pH=9,3, 100 mM sodium dodecil sulfate) for simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins (В1, В2, В6, В12, РР, В5, В9, С, В8) in fortified food products and premixes. It was observed on 6 samples of vitamin premixes and 28 samples of fortified food products using this technique. Our findings are consistent with the results of research on certain vitamins, conducted by other methods. The developed technique can be used in analysis of water-soluble vitamins in premixes and fortified food products.
Nutrition of sportsmеn

The activity of antioxidant enzymes of erythrocytes under intensive physical activity on the background of D-ribose use

Abstract
Biochemical analysis of blood of 30 male rats with 240±20 g mass and 50 sportsmen at the age 17–20 years were done. They were subjected by intensive physical activity with D-ribose use and without it. Carbohydrate was being put into them before and after intensive physical activity during 5–7 days. The dose was 30–50 mg/kg of their body mass. Concentration of glucose, lactate and uric acids, level of malondialdehyde, activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were defined in the male rats and sportsmen blood. It is shown that D-ribose use influences positive by to the dynamics of biochemical data in blood. It has taken place owing to the intensification of reutilization of purine mononucleotides and the activity of pentose cycle, as a result lipid peroxidation of membrane of erythrocytes reduces and state of antioxidation system improves.

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Viktor A. Tutelyan
Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Director of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety (Moscow, Russia)

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