References
1. World Health Organization (WHO). Nutrition: Global Targets 2025. Geneva: WHO, 2018. URL: http://www.who.int/nutrition/global-target-2025/en/ (date of access March 2, 2021)
2. Kansra A., Lakkunarajah S., Jay M. Childhood and adolescent obesity: a review. Front Pediatr. 2021; 8: 581461. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.581461
3. Chung S., Onuzuruike A., Magge S. Cardiometabolic risk in obese children. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018; 1411 (1): 166–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13602
4. Cesare M., Sorić M., Bovet P., et al. The epidemiological burden of obesity in childhood: a worldwide epidemic requiring urgent action. BMC Med. 2019; 17 (212): 1–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1449-8
5. Zakharova I.N., Klimov L.Ya., Mal’tsev S.V., et al. Security of vitamin d and correction of its insufficiency in children of early age in the Russian Federation
(fragment of the national program). Prakticheskaya meditsina [Practical Medicine]. 2017; 5 (106): 22–8. (in Russian)
6. Belykh N.A., Blokhova E.E. Obesity and micronutrient disbalance in children. Nauka molodykh (Eruditio Juvenium) [Science of the Young (Eruditio Juvenium)]. 2019; 7 (3): 429–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23888/HMJ201973429-438 (in Russian)
7. Zakharova I.N., Tvorogova T.M., Gromova O.A., et al. Vitamin D insufficiency in adolescents: results of year-round screening in Moscow. Pediatricheskaya farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2015; 12 (5): 528–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v12i5.1453 (in Russian)
8. Dreval’ A.V., Kryukova I.V., Barsukov I.A., et al. Extra-osseous effects of vitamin D (a review). RMZh [Russian Medical Journal]. 2017; (1): 53–6. (in Russian)
9. Filatova T.E., Nizov A.A., Davydov V.V. Experience of treatment of male hypertension with obesity, fasting hyperglycemia and deficiency of vitamin D. Rossiyskiy mediko-biologicheskiy vestnik imeni akademika I.P. Pavlova [Russian Medical and Biological Bulletin named after academician I.P. Pavlov]. 2017; 25 (1): 69–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj2017169-75 (in Russian)
10. Mirhosseini N., Rainsbury J., Kimball S. Vitamin D supplementation, serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2018; 5 (87): 1–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2018.00087
11. Schroten N., Ruifrok W., Kleijn L., et al. Short-term vitamin D3 supplementation lowers plasma renin activity in patients with stable chronic heart failure: an open-label, blinded end point randomized prospective trial (VitD-CHF trial). Am Heart J. 2013; 166: 357–64.
12. Witte K., Byrom R., Gierula J., et al. Effects of vitamin D on cardiac function in patients with chronic HF: The VINDICATE study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016; 67 (22): 2593–603.
13. Ford J., MacLennan G., Avenell A., et al. Cardiovascular disease and vitamin D supplementation: trial analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014; 100 (3): 746–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.082602
14. Mao P., Zhang C., Tang L., et al. Effect of calcium or vitamin D supplementation on vascular outcomes: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Cardiol. 2013; 169 (2): 106–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.055
15. Kolesnikov A.N., Dubovaya A.V., Udovitchenko Yu.V. Participation of vitamin D in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Rossiyskiy vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii [Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics]. 2018; 63 (5): 43–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2018-63-5-43-50 (in Russian)
16. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe: Copenhagen, Denmark. WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative. Protocol, 2016. URL: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/333900/COSI-protocolen.pdf?ua=1. (date of access March 2, 2021)
17. World Health Organization. AnthroPlus for Personal Computers Manual: Software for Assessing Growth of the World’s Children and Adolescents. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2009. URL: http://www.who.int/entity/growthref/tools/who_anthroplus_manual.pdf (date of aces March 1, 2021)
18. Peterkova V.A., Nagaeva E.V., Shiryaeva T.Yu. Assessment of the physical development of children and adolescents. Normative-methodical and reference materials. Ezhemesyachnoe priloshenie k zhupnalu «Informatsionniy vestnik zdravookhraneniya Samarskoy oblasti» [Monthly supplement to the journal «Information Bulletin of Health of the Samara Region»]. 2018; 194 (1): 1–75. (in Russian)
19. Union of Pediatricians of Russia. National program «Vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents of the Russian Federation: modern approaches to correction». Moscow: Pediatr, 2018: 96 р. (in Russian)
20. Zil’berman L.I., Kuraeva T.L., Peterkova V.A., the expert board of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists. Federal clinical recommendations on diagnostics and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the children and adolescents. Problemy endokrinologii [Problems of Endocrinology]. 2014; (5): 57–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl201460557-68 (in Russian)
21. Migliaccio1 S., Nisio A., Mele C., et al. Obesity and hypovitaminosis D: causality or casualty? Int J Obes Suppl. 2019; 9 (1): 20–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41367-019-0010-8
22. Beketova N.A., Pavlovskaya E.V., Kodentsova V.M., Vrzhesinskaya O.A., Kosheleva O.V., Sokol’nikov A.A., et al. Biomarkers of vitamin status in obese school children. Voprosy pitaniia [Problems of Nutrition]. 2019; 88 (4): 66–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2019-10043 (in Russian)
23. Skinner A., Perrin E., Moss L., et al. Cardiometabolic risks and severity of obesity in children and young adults. N Engl J Med. 2015; 373 (14): 1307–17.
24. Durá-Travé T., Gallinas-Victoriano F., Chueca-Guindulain M., et al. Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and associated factors in obese Spanish children. Nutr Diabetes. 2017; 7 (3): 248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2016.50
25. Okbay Güneş A., Alikaşifoğlu M., Erginoz E., et al. The relationship between cardiometabolic risks and vitamin D levels with the degree of obesity. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2019; 54 (4): 256–63.
26. Mellati A., Sharifi F., Faghihzadeh S., et al. Vitamin D status and its associations with components of metabolic syndrome in healthy children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 28 (5–6): 641–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2013-0495
27. Ertugrul D., Yavuz B., Cil H., et al. STATIN-D Study: comparison of the influences of rosuvastatin and fluvastatin treatment on the levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D. Cardiovasc Ther. 2011; 29 (2): 146–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00141.x
28. Song Y., Wang L., Pittas A., et al. Blood 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and incident type 2 diabetes: a metaanalysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Care. 2013; 36 (5): 1422–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-0962
29. Durá-Travé T., Gallinas-Victoriano F., Peñafiel Freire D., et al. Hypovitaminosis D and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with severe obesity. Children (Basel). 2020; 7 (2): 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children7020010