Markers of immune inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity
AbstractAim: to investigate cytokine profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with different degree of obesity. 154 patients with type 2 DM were examined (55,2% women, 44,8% men). All patients received standard antihyperglycemic therapy; mean age was 46,1±0,82 years, mean duration of disease was 7,2±1,43 years. The patients were divided into the following groups according to their degree of obesity: grade I obesity (n=50), grade II obesity (n=51), grade III obesity (n=53). 18 healthy volunteers (38,9% men, 61,1% women, mean age 41,2±3,2 years, BMI – 22,1±1,8 kg/m2). The patients and healthy volunteers were underwent biochemical analysis, determination of the cytokine profile and estimation of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-4, TGF-β1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It has been shown that increase of the body weight excess in patients with type 2 DM and obesity is accompanied with elevation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, TGF-β1) along with the reduction of inflammatory cytokines (IL-4). The TNF-α concentration in patients with grade I obesity was 2,8 fold higher than in the comparison group , in patients with grade II and III – 4 and 5,7 fold respectively. A similar trend occurred in TGF-β1 level: 2 fold increase – when I obesity, 3,3 and 4 fold – respectively for grade II and III. Unidirectional dynamic changes of IL-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes reflects 1,3 fold increase in its level under obesity I grade, 1,7 fold – under II degree and 2,2 fold – under III degree compared to the level in the comparison group. IL-4 level in patients with diabetes and obesity is strikingly contrasted with the index of the comparison group and progressively reduced: 1,7 fold – when grade I obesity, 3,6 fold- with grade II, 7,7 fold – in the grade III. The data obtained indicates that cytokine profile play a critical part in pathogenesis of type 2 DM in association with obesity.
Keywords:markers of inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cytokine status