Enrichment of fruits and berries with selenium and prospects for their using in the preventive nutrition
AbstractThe method of producing enriched with selenium berries and fruits has been investigated. The objects of research were plants and berries of edible honeysuckle variety Kingfisher, of garden strawberry variety Korona, of Actinidia kolomikta variety Soroka, the fruits of a field ash variety Sorbinka and the black chokeberry’s fruits variety Chernookaya. Enrichment with the selenium of berries and fruits of these cultures has been performed by the method of single and double foliar treatment of plants with aqueous sodium selenate (concentration of 1. 2 and 3 mg/l) during the formation of fruits and berries. Reprocessing had been performed in 10 days after the first one. It was found out that the use of plants’ re-processing didn’t contribute to greater accumulation of selenium in berries and fruits, according to the single treatment, that’s why it is inefficient. Using enrichment, providing the maximum concentration of selenium in the working solution – 3 mg/l is the most optimal to increase its content in the honeysuckle – by 5.2 fold; in the strawberry – by 3.9 fold; in Actinidia – 3 fold; in the field ash and black chokeberry’s fruits – by 2.7 fold. The content of selenium (μg/100 g) in enriched berries of the honeysuckle was 32.3–35.2; the strawberry – 11.7–13.1; Actinidia kolomikta – 3.5–4.1; the fruits of the field ash ordinary – 4.6–5.1, Aronia – 2.8–3.2. Eating fortified fruit and berries will contribute to the prevention of selenium deficiency in the body. Thus, intake of 100 g honeysuckle’s berries helps cover the daily requirement of selenium in 47.9–60.9%, the strawberry – in 18.0–22.9%, actinidia’ berries, the field ash and black chokeberry’s fruits – in 4.3–8.7%.
Keywords:selenium, edible honeysuckle’s berries, strawberry, Actinidia kolomikta, the field ash fruits, Aronia, foliar treatment, sodium selenate