Innovative methods for extracting biolactive сompounds from plant materials

• Yuliya S. Sidorova
• Nikita A. Petrov
• Sergey N. Zorin
• Vladimir K. Mazo

Abstract

Modern methods for extracting bioactive сompounds (BAC) from various raw materials are focused on efficacy and environmental awareness, involve the use of mathematical and statistical optimization methods, the choice of green solvents, and the use of additive extraction technology.

The aim of this review was to present and briefly discuss up-to-date information on modern technological approaches to the production of plant BAС extracts for applying in food ingredients and foods for special dietary uses.

Material and methods. For the main search of sources, the PubMed bibliographic database, Scopus and Web of Science databases, and the Google Scholar search engine were used. The search depth was 15 years.

Results. The article presents a brief review of modern approaches to the extraction, concentration and purification of polyphenolic compounds from various plant materials. As an additive extraction technology aimed at destroying/increasing the permeability of the plant cell wall, a wide range of physical methods has been successfully used: ultrasound, microwave radiation, homogenization, application of a pulsed electric field, high hydrostatic pressure, cryo-crushing. A brief description of each method, its advantages and disadvantages are presented. Improving food safety and compliance with environmental regulations requires the choice of a safe, environmentally friendly and yet efficient extraction process. For these purposes enzymatic extraction, environmentally friendly solvents, such as deep eutectic solvents, supercritical fluid extraction and membrane technology are successfully used. The use of mathematical and statistical methods can reduce the total number of experimental trials and reduce the cost and time of experiments. The use of these methods together makes it possible to vary deliberately the process parameters in relation to a specific plant material and the final product, which provides the opportunity to isolate BAS concentrates from plant raw materials with a high yield.

Conclusion. The introduction of innovative technological approaches for obtaining extracts of BAC of plant origin determines the prospects for the production of a wide range of foods for special dietary uses that meet high safety and efficiency requirements.

Keywords:bioactive сompounds; plant raw materials; extraction; polyphenols; assisting extraction technologies; foods for special dietary uses; safety

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