The effect of intaking a new sport food on milk and fruit basis on blood biochemical indicators and antioxidant status in athletes
AbstractThe problem of developing special food with targeted medical and biological properties is a pressing issue not only for sports medicine, but also for nutrition science.
The aim of the research was to provide a medical and biological justification for the development and to evaluate the effectiveness of using new sport food (SF) in the form of a bar.
Material and methods. The milk-fruit bar was developed on the basis of dry goat milk, dry whey, fruit and berry and grain raw materials, hydrolysate and isolate of plant and animal proteins, vitamin premix, as well as dry cultures of lacto- and bifidobacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum BB79, Streptococcus lactis SL215, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA72 (in a 1:1:1 ratio). The assessment of the effectiveness of a SF was carried out on 2 groups of professional athletes involved in martial arts (MMA), Greco-Roman wrestling, triathlons and pentathlon. 42 athletes were included in the control group and 46 athletes were included in the main group. Athletes in the main group consumed 4 milk-fruit bars (120 g) daily in addition to their basic diet, while athletes in the control group received placebo bars equivalent in calorie value (150 g). The complex examination before and after a 21-day training cycle, in combination with SF intake, included the study of body composition, hematological (red blood cells, hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hematocrit) and biochemical studies (plasma total protein, albumin, cholesterol, lactate) as well as studying the antioxidant status of athletes [malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugates (DC) in blood serum].
Results. On the 21st day of SF intake, the cholesterol level decreased by 14.5–18.9% (p<0.05) in individuals involved in Greco-Roman wrestling, MMA and triathlon, in athletes involved in pentathlon – by 11.3% (p>0.05) compared to the initial level in blood plasma. Lactate level also lowered in athletes involved in Greco-Roman wrestling and triathlon by 14.2–28.3% (p<0.05), in other sports – by 12.2–17.6% (p>0.05). At the same time, these indicators did not change significantly in athletes from the control group. In addition, the lactate level in triathletes at the end of the study was 23.2% lower compared to the level in athletes from the control group (p<0.05). SF intake led to the decrease (p<0.05) in blood serum of athletes involved in the presented sports of MDA level by 20.0–27.9% (except for triathletes) and of DC – by 14.3–48.5% (except for athletes involved in Greco-Roman wrestling). In athletes of the control group after taking a placebo bar, the level of MDA significantly decreased by 20.0% only in individuals involved in MMA.
Conclusion. The developed SF can be recommended for nutrition of athletes involved in various sports.
Keywords: sports nutrition product; athletes; biochemical blood parameters; antioxidant status
Funding. This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan as part of the scientific and technical program implementation No. BR18574139 “Development of complex system for training highly-qualified athletes and promising Olympic reserve for Kazakhstan priority sports using physiological genetic evaluation” (state registration No. 0123RK00023).
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution. Concept and design of the study – Kapysheva U.N., Sinyavskiy Yu.A., Bakhtiyarova Sh.K., Zhunussova G.S., Bekmanov B.O.; gathering and analysis of materials – Sinyavskiy Yu.A., Tuigunov D.N., Omarov Ye.N., Sarsembayev Kh.S., Makashev E.E.; statistical proceseing of research results – Zhaksymov B.I., Junussova A.B.; text writing – Sinyavskiy Yu.A., Tuigunov D.N., Kapysheva U.N., Sarsembayev Kh.S.; editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts – all authors.
For citation: Sinyavskiy Yu.A., Tuigunov D.N., Kapysheva U.N., Bakhtiyarova Sh.K., Sarsembayev Kh.S., Omarov Ye.N., Zhunussova G.S., Bekmanov B.O., Zhaksymov B.I., Makashev E.E., Junussova A.B. The effect of intaking product on milk and fruit basis on blood biochemical indicators and antioxidant status in athletes. Voprosy pitaniia [Problems of Nutrition]. 2024; 93 (5): 43–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2024-93-5-43-56 (in Russian)
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Литература
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