Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are serious medical and social problems. Experimental modeling of these pathologies is necessary to understand their mechanisms and develop new treatments.

The objective of this study was to summarize in the form of a narrative review information on experimental models of diet-induced obesity, sedentary lifestyle and pathogenetically associated disorders in rodents.

Material and methods. A literature search was conducted across the eLibrary, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases in recent years. The search strategy utilized the following keywords: obesity, metabolic syndrome, rodents, rats, mice, experimental models, rodent models, diet-induced obesity, high-fat diet, high-fructose diet, high-fat high-fructose diet, high-sucrose diet, sedentary lifestyle, physical inactivity. A total of 70 publications were selected from the last 5 years (2021–2025), excluding articles of fundamental importance.

Results. Among diet-induced obesity modeling approaches, high-fat diet (40–60% of total calorie intake) is the most prevalent, utilized in over 75% of related studies. Alternative approaches include carbohydrate-enriched diets (specifically high-fructose) and various combination. Notably, body mass gain is not observed in all subjects, a challenge compounded by the lack of a unified somatometric standard for rodent obesity. Furthermore, biochemical markers associated with obesity fail to manifest in at least 20% of such experiments. This variability – beyond physiological interspecies differences and genetic predisposition – is primarily attributed to the high heterogeneity of experimental protocols. While such diversity is acceptable in exploratory research, the translational application of alimentary models (e.g., preclinical trials) necessitates rigorous standardization. Consequently, further refinement and validation of these models are required, accounting for dietary composition and auxiliary factors. Reduced physical activity is a critical yet less explored variable, whereas healthy rodents typically exhibit high voluntary activity, covering up to 5–10 km per day on a running wheel. Modeling sedentary behavior – both in isolation and in combination with hypercaloric intake – remains less established than purely diet-induced approaches. Promising and technically accessible methods for simulating a sedentary lifestyle include locking the running wheel and reducing the cage size. Conversely, providing enriched activity environments for control groups is essential to maintain baseline metabolic homeostasis.

Conclusion. Rodent models of obesity – most commonly established through high-fat diets (75% of studies) and/or high-carbohydrate regimens – suffer from significant protocol heterogeneity. To improve the translational validity of these models, further standardization is essential. In particular, sedentary behavior should be addressed as a critical dietary cofactor, as it can be easily integrated into experimental designs.

One of the main causes of obesity, which leads, in particular, to cardiovascular problems, is the consumption of food with a high fat content, however, the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the contractile properties of blood vessels and the mechanisms of this effect have not been sufficiently studied, and information on this issue obtained on the internal carotid arteries (ICA), through which blood predominantly flows to the brain, is lacking.

The aim of the research was to study the effect of HFD on the dilator and constrictor properties of the ICA in Wistar rats.

Material and methods. The study was conducted on 22 male Wistar rats, which at the age of 6 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (n=10) receiving standard diet, and group (n=12) kept on HFD (50% of fats by energy). After 8 weeks of feeding, the animals were euthanized with ether, after which the was excised from each rat. The reactivity of the ICA segments was assessed in the isometric mode. In isolated segments of vessels pre-contracted with phenylephrine, dilation was induced using acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside, before and after addition of NO synthase (L-NAME), cyclooxygenase (diclofenac) and K⁺ channel blocker (tetraethylammonium) inhibitor.

Results. It was shown that the contractile response to phenylephrine of the ICA segment of the HFD rats was slightly greater than that of the control animals, both in the absence of inhibitors and a blocker in the bath (1.2±0.3 and 0.8±0.2 mN, respectively) and in their presence, while these differences were not statistically significant. The response of arteries (pre-contracted with phenylephrine) to acetylcholine was biphasic, and the dilator phase of this ICA response of the HFD rats in the absence of a blocker and inhibitors was almost 3-fold less compared to the control, amounting to -8.0±1.5 vs -21.6±7.1% (p<0.05). L-NAME caused a significant decrease in the dilator response of the ICA to acetylcholine (up to -8.4±2.7%, p<0.05) only in the control animals. The constrictor phase of the ICA response to acetylcholine in the absence of the blocker and inhibitors was significantly less than the dilator phase, amounting to 9.1±3.2% in the control animals and 2.6±1.0% in the HFD rats (р<0.05). In the HFD rats, the addition of diclofenac resulted in a significant increase in the contractile response to acetylcholine from 2.5±0.9 to 5.6±1.7% (р<0.05). The magnitude of ICA dilator reaction in the HFD rats induced by sodium nitroprusside in the absence of the blocker and inhibitors was slightly lower than in the control animals, amounting to 139±24 and 174±37%, respectively (р>0.05).

Conclusion. Consumption of HFD leads to a significant decrease in endothelium-dependent dilation of the ICA due to a decrease in NO synthesis by the endothelium, as well as to a disruption in the synthesis of prostaglandins.

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) are capable of losing their physiological functions under pathophysiological conditions and transforming into particles with pro-inflammatory activity.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the applicability of dysfunctional changes in HDL as biomarkers of metabolic disorders in hyperlipidemia modeling in vivo.

Material and methods. The experiment was conducted using 70 male Wistar rats with an initial body weight of 234±3 g for 60 days. Disturbances in lipid metabolism in experimental rats were induced by a high-fat diet (50% fat by calorie content) and the addition of 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% cholesterol. A complete blood count and a biochemistry blood serum test were performed. To assess markers of dysfunctional changes in HDL, a fraction of these particles was obtained by sequential ultracentrifugation in KBr solutions of varying density. The relative content of protein, triglycerides, cholesterol was determined in it using the biuret, glycerokinase, and cholesterol oxidase methods, respectively; choline-containing phospholipids were assessed using the phospholipase-choline oxidase colorimetric method on an automatic biochemical analyzer; sphingosine-1-phosphate was determined using the competitive ELISA method; and MDA was evaluated by fluorometric analysis.

Results. Hematological parameters indicated the development of anemic syndrome, iron deficiency anemia in particular. In animals of the experimental groups treated with cholesterol, the severity of anemia increased in dose-dependent manner. A decrease in the protein/cholesterol ratio in HDL particles was found in rats treated with high-fat diet with cholesterol, characterizing the acquisition of a dysfunctional phenotype by HDL particles at the background of diet-induced hyperlipidemia (increase in total cholesterol blood serum level). Besides, a significant decrease in triglycerides in HDL particles was observed in the group of rats fed high-fat diet with the highest (2%) quota of cholesterol. A depletion of HDL particles in sphingosine-1-phosphate is shown for this group too, what is also characteristic of dysfunctional HDL.

Conclusion. The proposed biomarker complex of dysfunctional changes in HDL reflected alterations in lipid metabolism parameters when modeling hyperlipidemia in vivo. At the same time, differences were found in individual indicators of the dysfunctional HDL phenotype in animal (rat) and human models. A decrease in the relative level of triglycerides in HDL particles was found in our experiment, whereas, on the contrary, hyperlipidemia in humans is characterized by HDL enriched in triglycerides. Extrapolation of the obtained experimental data to humans should be carried out taking into account the characteristics of animal species and model used.

Fish and fishery products are considered an important component of a healthy diet due to their nutritional value and association with favorable health outcomes. Despite the existence of rational consumption norms, in many countries, including the Russian Federation, the actual consumption of fish remains insufficient. A comprehensive assessment of the levels and patterns of fish consumption is necessary to justify evidence-based, practical recommendations for optimizing the population’s diet.

The aim of the study was to assess the levels and patterns of fish and fishery product consumption by the population of the Russian Federation, to identify socio-demographic and territorial consumption patterns, and to substantiate approaches for developing evidence-based, practical recommendations for including fish in the diet.

Material and methods. The analysis was based on data from sample surveys of household budjets from 1985–2024, sample survey of the population’s diets (24-hour dietary recall method, 2023), as well as sample survey of the population's health surveys from 2023–2024. Descriptive statistics methods and non-parametric criteria were used to assess differences between socio-demographic groups.

Results. The per capita consumption of fish and fishery products in the Russian Federation in 2023–2024 was about 23 kg/year and, for most population groups, did not reach the rational norm of 28 kg per year. Pronounced differences were identified depending on income level, household composition, and region of residence. Analysis of individual diets showed low average daily fish consumption values, with single-serving amounts close to standard portions, indicating irregular inclusion of fish in the diet. More than half of the adult population consumes fish no more than once a week.

Conclusion. Insufficient fish consumption in the Russian Federation is primarily due to the low frequency of its inclusion in the diet, rather than the size of single portions. The rational consumption norm of 28 kg/year is realistic and achievable and corresponds to the regular inclusion of fish in the diet no less than twice a week in standard portions. The obtained results justify the feasibility of using healthy eating recommendations with an emphasis on increasing the frequency of fish consumption.

Studies investigating the association of the FTO gene with biochemical metabolism are few and varied. Indigenous populations of high-latitude regions have been the least studied.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of the FTO rs9939609 with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism parameters in the indigenous population of northern Western Siberia.

Material and methods. Body mass index (BMI), blood plasma glucose (GL), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels were assessed in a sample of Ob Ugrians (Mansi and Khanty aged 18–64 years, n=51). Genotyping of DNA samples for the FTO gene polymorphism (T/A, rs9939609) was performed. Results were processed using Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft, USA) and the R programming environment. The magnitude of associations between traits was assessed using Spearman rank correlations (ρ), and intergroup comparisons of allele and genotype frequencies were performed using the χ² method.

Results. HDL-C levels were higher in TT*FTO genotype carriers (p=0.001) compared to AA+AT variants. The most striking differences were observed between individuals with the AT* and TT* genotypes (HDL-C levels were 1.22±0.06 and 1.53±0.06 mmol/L, respectively; p=0.004). Significant correlations between TC and TG (ρ=0.62, p<0.05) and TC and HDL (in the AA+AT group, rρ=0.40, p<0.05) were observed only in A* allele carriers. The negative influence of the A* allele is indirectly confirmed by a positive association between BMI and GL (ρ=0.66, p<0.05), whereas with the TT* genotype, GL does not raise with increasing BMI.

Conclusion. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the Ob Ugrians correspond to physiological norms, taking into account the ethnicity of these representatives of the high-latitude adaptation type. The specific associations between FTO and metabolic parameters in the Ob Ugrians are consistent with data obtained in samples of representatives of the large Mongoloid race. The results confirm the importance of studying the population frequencies of the FTO rs9939609 alleles and the influence of this locus on the phenotype. Particular attention should be paid to populations in high-latitude regions due to the possible association of FTO with the manifestations of metabolic syndrome in indigenous, long-term, and immigrant populations of the North.

Malaria is a real public health problem all over the world. The population of African countries is especially susceptible to this disease. During the illness and after recovery, patients with malaria experience complications in the form of hemolytic anemia, which reduces the quality of life for a long time. It is known that specialized nutrition plays a significant role in the treatment of anemia. For the population of endemic regions of Africa, which include the Republic of Burundi, the organization of specialized nutrition is relevant and requires significant attention.

The aim of the review was to summarize domestic and foreign knowledge about the distribution and characteristics of post-malarial anemia among the African population, the role of diet in the prevention and treatment of post-malarial anemia, and to assess the production of foods for special dietary uses in the Republic of Burundi.

Material and methods. The search for scientific publications was carried out using the library platforms PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, eLIBRARY, mainly for the last 10 years by the keywords: malaria, anemia, population of African countries, nutrition, micronutrients, immunity.

Results. A review of the literature revealed that malaria remains one of the most dangerous and widespread diseases affecting the African continent. During illness and recovery, patients develop anemia caused by damage of infected red blood cells, accelerated aging and degradation of undamaged red blood cells, and other functional impairments. Malaria infection is accompanied by decreased plasma level of iron, zinc, vitamins A, D, C, В₉, and their metabolites, which play a significant role in immune regulation, antioxidant defense, and pathogen control. Several published studies indicate that supplementation with these micronutrients reduce the risk of severe malaria and its complications, particularly post-malarial anemia. However, research on the use of micronutrients in foods for special dietary uses for post-malarial anemia patients is insufficient. An appropriate program for introducing iron and folic acid supplements into dietary interventions remains unclear, given that they are absorbed by replicating plasmodia and may delay recovery. The diet of the population of the Republic of Burundi consists primarily of local plant foods. During malaria and post-malarial anemia, the diet is slightly adjusted to increase the consumption of protein-rich foods such as eggs, milk, offal, legumes, and micronutrient-rich fruits and vegetables. Foods for special dietary uses are produced on a limited scale.

Conclusion. Providing balanced nutrition in regions with a high risk of malaria is an important public health objective. The development of dietary interventions for the prevention and treatment of malaria and post-malarial anemia should be aimed at strengthening the human immune system. The production and promotion of affordable foods for special dietary uses will help reduce the population’s vulnerability to malaria infection and its consequences.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial disease, in its pathogenesis an imbalance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in favor of pro-inflammatory ω-6 over anti-inflammatory ω-3 plays an important role. Although the role of ω-3 PUFAs in atopy prevention is established, data on their efficacy in the treatment of confirmed AD remain contradictory due to the differences in dosages and study design.

The aim of the research was a comparative evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of two different doses of ω-3 PUFAs as part of complex therapy for AD in adult patients.

Material and methods. We examined 101 patients with moderate to severe AD aged 18 to 59 years (Me 31 [23; 41] years). Sixty-five subjects were administrated ω-3 PUFAs in addition to basic therapy and were randomized into subgroups receiving a high (3.6 g/ day, 200/240 mg EPA/DHA) or low (0.72 g/day, 40/48 mg EPA/DHA) dose of fish oil for 30 days. The control group consisted of 36 patients on standard therapy. Efficacy was assessed by the dynamics of the SCORAD index, the severity of subjective symptoms (itching, sleep disorders), and the proportion of patients with complete resolution of clinical manifestations.

Results. The most significant reduction in disease severity was observed in patients receiving a high dose of ω-3 PUFAs: the SCORAD index decreased by 81.8% (from 55 [41; 70] to 10 [8; 13] points, p<0.001), itching intensity by 87.5%, and sleep disorders by 66.7%. In the low-dose group, the reduction in SCORAD was 63.6% (to 16 [12; 20], p<0.001), and in the control group – 50% (to 20 [17; 22], p<0.001). The inclusion of ω-3 PUFA in the complex therapy showed a statistically significant advantage in the degree of AD manifestation reduction over the control group (p<0.05). Analysis of the proportions of patients with complete symptom resolution confirmed the dose-dependent effect: for key symptoms (rash, itching, dry skin), the responder rate was significantly higher in the high-dose group compared to both the control and the low-dose group (p<0.05). No adverse events have been reported.

Conclusion. The study demonstrated the dose-dependent efficacy of ω-3 PUFAs in the complex therapy of AD in adults. The intake in a dose of 200/240 mg EPA/DHA provides a significantly greater reduction in disease severity according to SCORAD, a decrease in the severity of subjective symptoms, and an increase in the proportion of patients with complete regression of symptoms compared to both a low dose of ω-3 PUFAs and standard therapy. The obtained data confirm the pathogenetic rationale for including ω-3 PUFAs in the AD treatment.

Irrational consumption of red meat (RM) can have a significant impact on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The extent to which the gradient of cardiovascular risk (CVR) affects the formation of healthy eating habits among the population is of scientific and practical interest.

The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between the total level of CVR and daily consumption of unprocessed red meat (URM) in the general informal population.

Material and methods. As part of the multicenter ESSE-RF study, a representative sample of the urban population of the Siberian Federal District aged 25–64 years (n=1600, 59% women) was examined. Daily consumption of URM (150 g beef, pork, lamb, etc.) and total CVR were determined using a standard questionnaire and SCORE scale, taking into account the presence of a priori risk indicators, respectively. Methods of descriptive statistics and logistic regression adjusted for socio-demographic, lifestyle and medical factors were used.

Results. 52.1% of men and 41.9% of women consumed URM daily. By CVR category this indicator did not vary in men (p=0.883) and decreased in women (p<0.001) from 51.1% with low CVR to 31.6% with very high CVR. With a SCORE of 5–9% and ≥10%, 48.0 and 50.0% of men and 38.1 and 20.0% of women consumed URM daily; with a priori high or very high CVR, 55.6 and 54.6% of men and 34.8 and 31.9% of women, respectively. Multivariable analysis did not reveal independent associations of the indicator surveyed with SCORE-related risk categories in either men or women. The odds for daily URM intake in women decreased significantly only with a priori very high CVR compared with low risk [OR=0.44; CI (0.22–0.87), p=0.018], as well as in the presence of carotid plaques (OR=0.54; CI (0.37–0.77), p=0.001]. Gender differences were observed in the general [OR_women=0.68; CI (0.55–0.84), p<0.001], apparently healthy population [OR=0.77; CI (0.61–0.97), p=0.028], the groups of moderate [OR=0.61; CI (0.40–0.94), p=0.025] and a priori very high CVR [OR=0.40; CI (0.24–0.69), p=0.001], in the presence of carotid plaques [OR=0.39; CI (0.26–0.58), р<0.001], coronary heart disease [OR=0.35; CI (0.18–0.69), p=0.002], CVD (OR=0.38; CI (0.21–0.73), р=0.003), systolic blood pressure ≥180 mm Hg [OR=0.26; CI (0.07–1.03), p=0.055).

Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that the SCORE-based CVR level by itself is not a sufficient incentive for people to change the eating habit surveyed. The odds for daily URM consumption decreased only in women of a priori very high risk. At the same time, the study showed that subclinical parameters, in particular carotid plaques, may be equally effective in motivating, particularly for women, to change this eating habit. The gender differences identified may reflect differences between the sexes in terms of communication and/or perception of these factors as an incentive to change the diet. The data obtained emphasize importance of informing the population about the risks associated with irrational RM consumption and the need for more active involvement, especially of men, in communications aimed at forming healthier patterns of these foods consumption.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children is considered a manifestation of metabolic disturbances, that is a complex of interrelated alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism associated with insulin resistance and an increased proportion of visceral fat. In this context, a comprehensive assessment of metabolic parameters combined with body composition analysis in children with NAFLD and without it is relevant for clarifying the role of visceral obesity in the development and progression of the disease, as well as for improving the accuracy of clinical assessment.

The aim of the research was to assess the characteristics of the metabolic profile and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) parameters and to determine their associations with clinical and biochemical features of NAFLD in children.

Material and methods. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 398 obese children aged 11–17 years. Group 1 consisted of children with ultrasound signs of NAFLD (n=230). Group 2 included children without signs of NAFLD (n=168). Anthropometric parameters were assessed using the WHO AnthroPlus software. Body composition was evaluated using multi-frequency BIA. All children underwent abdominal ultrasound examination to detect hepatic steatosis. Biochemical blood tests were performed, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid profile, glucose, and insulin levels, with calculation of the HOMA-IR index. Additionally, serum concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), cytokeratin-18 fragments (CK-18), soluble Fas ligand (FasL), and visfatin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to characterize metabolic disturbances and markers of apoptosis.

Results. Children with NAFLD had significantly higher body weight, body mass index (BMI), and BMI standard deviation score (BMI SDS) compared with the control group (p<0.01). Elevated serum ALT level was detected in 23% of patients in Group 1 (53/230; 95% CI 17.9–28.9%), whereas no elevation of transaminase activity was observed in Group 2. In the NAFLD group, median level of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were higher (p≤0.001), and insulin resistance was more prevalent: HOMA-IR>2.77 was observed in 73.5% (95% CI 67.4–78.8) versus 48.8% (95% CI 41.4–56.3); OR 2.91; 95% CI 1.91–4.43. According to BIA, children with NAFLD demonstrated higher fat mass (43.1 [34.7; 52.6] vs 35.6 [29.1; 43.9] kg; p<0.001) and increased indicators of visceral fat (visceral fat area and waist-to-hip ratio; p<0.001). Serum levels of CK-18 and FasL were significantly higher in children with NAFLD (p<0.01), reflecting activation of apoptotic mechanisms of hepatocyte injury.

Conclusion. NAFLD in obese children is associated with metabolic disturbances, including more pronounced visceral fat accumulation (according to bioimpedance analysis), dyslipidemia, and a high prevalence of insulin resistance, while elevated transaminase levels are detected only in a subset of patients. The combined use of BIA-based body composition assessment, metabolic markers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and non-invasive liver instrumental evaluation may be useful for early risk assessment of NAFLD and prevention of disease progression.

Garlic husk and pomace remain understudied, limiting their rational use and the development of new food ingredients. Producing powdered ingredients from fermented pomace and husk could address waste disposal issues and create new products with targeted functional properties.

The objective of the research was a comparative in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential of powdered food ingredients from fermented garlic bulbs, pomace, and husk (Allium sativum L.).

Material and methods. The study used powders from «Dobrynya» garlic and its processing by-products. Three types of samples were obtained: cloves, meal (pomace), and husks. Part of the samples underwent thermal fermentation (70 °C, 30 days). All materials were dried and ground to a particle size of <0.25 mm. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method; S-allylcysteine and melanoidins were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the ability to scavenge the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and the 2.2′-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] (ABTS⁺) radical cation. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using specific enzyme test systems based on glutathione reductase, catalase, and NO-synthase. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Data were processed using methods of variation statistics with the application of Tukey’s test (p<0.05).

Results. It was established that non-microbial fermentation (70 °C, 30 days) significantly enhances the antioxidant potential of garlic processing products. The content of phenolic compounds, S-allylcysteine, and melanoidins in fermented bulbs and meal increased by 3–25 times, which correlated with a rise in ABTS and DPPH activity. Fermented bulbs and meal exhibited pronounced anti-inflammatory activity (iNOS inhibition by 32–35%) and moderate antimicrobial action (catalase inhibition up to 34.5%). The strongest inhibition of catalase was shown by fresh garlic powder (56.6%). The high biological activity of fermented garlic meal was confirmed – its indicators (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activity) were comparable to those of fermented bulbs. The obtained data confirm the feasibility of reclassifying garlic processing waste (meal) into the category of functional food ingredients with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and preservative properties.

Conclusion. In vitro experiments demonstrated antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of black garlic and fermented pomace powders, supporting their potential as functional ingredients.

Enteral nutrition is considered an important component of nutritional support in all clinical groups of patients. Poultry meat in the human diet is a source of complete protein with high digestibility, a number of minerals, vitamins, trace elements and bioactive compounds. In this regard, the development of an enteral product based on poultry meat intended for probe nutrition and/or oral consumption can be considered an urgent task, allowing to expand the range of foods for special dietary uses.

The aim of the work was to develop a formulation and technology for a sterilized hypercaloric enteral formula based on poultry meat and to evaluate its quality and safety.

Material and methods. The object of the research was experimental samples of a sterilized enteral formula based on poultry meat, manufactured according to a formulation developed in accordance with medical and biological requirements. The theoretical calculation of the formulation was carried out using the computer program «System for designing and evaluating the quality of multicomponent food compositions». Standard conventional methods were used to evaluate protein, fat and moisture content and pH. Total amino acid composition was measured by the chromatographic method on an automatic liquid amino acid analyzer, tryptophan and L-glutamic acid level was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Fatty acid composition was assessed by gas chromatography using a column to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of a mixture of fatty acids in the form of methyl esters. The content of vitamins В₁, Е and D was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, manganese, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron – by atomic absorption method. Industrial sterility was evaluated in accordance with the requirements for group A canned goods. The stability of the dispersed system was determined using a laboratory centrifuge type Z 206 A (Hermle Labortechnik Gmbh, Germany).

Results. In accordance with the medical and biological requirements, a formulation of a hypercaloric enteral formula containing poultry meat and process parameters have been developed to obtain finished product with the required organoleptic characteristics. The resulting product meets the specified requirements for energy content (150 kcal/100 g) and its distribution (16–20% protein; 35% fat; 45–49% carbohydrates), the content of vitamins, minerals, trace elements and bioactive compounds; it has a balanced amino acid and fatty acid composition. According to organoleptic characteristics, the product is a fluid, homogeneous, highly dispersed mass with low viscosity, without delamination of the structure, which allows passage through a tube with an outer diameter of 4.62 mm.

Conclusion. After conducting clinical trials the developed product can be used as the sole or additional source of nutrition for patients with malnutrition.